Time Line of Persia

• Kingdoms of Media and Parsa founded by migrating Aryans (c. 1000 B.C.)

• Achaemenes, first king of Parsa (c. 700 B.C.)

• Cyrus the Great of Parsa rebels against the Medes and founds the Persian empire (559 B.C.)
• Persia conquers the Medes (550 B.C.)
• Persia conquers Lydia (547 - 546 B.C.)
• Cyrus the Great of Persia conquers Babylonia absorbing Babylon into the Persian empire (539 B.C.)
• Cyrus the Great of Persia frees the captive Jews from Babylonia (539 B.C.)
• Cyrus the Great absorbs Phoenicia into the Persian Empire (539 B.C.)
• Elam is absorbed into the Persian Empire (538 B.C.)
• Egypt conquered by the Persians (525 B.C.)
• Darius I quells a rebellion in Persia and becomes king (522 B.C.)
• birth of Xerxes, future king of Persia (519 B.C.)

• Persian Wars (490 B.C. - 449 B.C.)
• Darius I of Persia defeated by the Greeks at Marathon (490 B.C.)
• Persia, led by Xerxes, invades Greece (480 B.C.)
• Persians suffer defeat by the Greeks at Plataea and Mycale; Persian expansion halted (479 B.C.)
• Egypt overthrows Persian rule (405 B.C.)
• Cyrus the Younger rebels in Persia, but is defeated by Artaxerxes II at Cunoxa (401 B.C.)

• revolt of Jews against Artaxerxes III in Persia (350 B.C.)
• Lydia becomes a tributary of Macedon after Persia is conquered by Alexander the Great (334 B.C.)
• Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia at Issus (333 B.C.)
• remants of the Persian Empire fall to Alexander the Great (332 B.C.)
• Persian capital of Persepolis burned by Alexander the Great (331 B.C.)

• war between Byzantium and Persia (539-562 A.D.)
• war between Byzantium and Persia (572-591 A.D.)

• Persians capture Damascus and Jerusalem (614 A.D.)
• Arabs conquer Persia and Egypt (641 A.D.)