Time Line of Urartu

• Hayasa-Azzi tribes inhabiting Urartu (c. 3000 B.C.)

• Assyrian scribes first mention Urartu (c. 1260 B.C.)
• Assyria resists incursions by the Mushki and Urartu (c. 1200 B.C.)

• Thracians and Phyrgians migrate to Urartu (c. 1000 B.C.)
• Urartu overruns much of Assyria (c. 1000 B.C.)
• Assyria reclaims lands lost to the Urartian invasion (934-859 B.C.)

• Urartu adopts the Assyrian cuneiform script (c. 900 B.C.)
• Shalmeneser III of Assyria defeats the first known king of Urartu, Aramu (856 B.C.)

• Kingdom of Urartu expands under Menva (c. 800 B.C.)
• Argishti I builds a royal capital at Erebuni (782 B.C.)
• Sarduri II expands Urartian control over northern Syria (c. 760 B.C.)
• Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria defeats Urartu and re-asserts Assyrian control over northern Syria (743 B.C.)
• Assyrians begin incursions into Urartu (735 B.C.)
• Sargon II of Assyria defeats a Urartian army under Rusa I (714 B.C.)
• Cimmerians attacks on Urartu begin (707 B.C.)
• Rusa II builds a new Urartian capital at Rusahinili (c. 680 B.C.)
• Medes attack Urartu and destroy Rusahinili (590 B.C.)
• Kingdom of Urartu begins to decline (590 B.C.)